Steroids for asthma: what to know

Asthma causes sensitive, narrowed airways that can produce cough, wheezing, and chest tightness. Inhaled corticosteroids work in the airways to reduce inflammation and lower the chance of symptoms. They are different from a quick-relief inhaler, which helps relax tightened airway muscles.

A short course of oral steroids may be used when asthma becomes difficult to control. It is not a substitute for an individual asthma plan. Rinse your mouth after an inhaled dose if advised, and report hoarseness or mouth soreness.

Use your inhaler with the technique shown by your clinician and follow the prescribed schedule, even when you feel well. Keep track of symptoms, reliever use, and possible triggers such as allergic rhinitis or house dust mite allergy. Never borrow another person's inhaler or alter a steroid course yourself.

Arrange a review if you need your reliever more often, wake with symptoms, or continue coughing. Your clinician may check technique, triggers, and whether a spacer or nebuliser treatment is appropriate.

Seek emergency help if breathing is rapidly worsening, you cannot speak comfortably, your lips look blue or grey, you feel faint, or your reliever is not helping as directed in your action plan. Sit upright and follow the emergency instructions you were given.

Which steroid do I need and for how long? Can you check my inhaler technique? What is my action plan for a flare, and when should I seek emergency care?