What should you know about milia how to treat?

Milia are small, firm cysts containing keratin beneath the skin surface. They commonly look like white or pearly pinpoints and may not hurt or itch. Their appearance can overlap with [Whiteheads](/symptoms/whiteheads/) and other [Skin Bumps](/symptoms/skin-bumps/), so treatment should follow an examination rather than a guess. The number and location of lesions help guide the choice.

For mild or limited cases, a clinician may recommend observation and a non-irritating routine. A prescription [Topical Retinoids](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-retinoids/) may support skin-cell turnover in selected patients, but dryness and irritation are possible and instructions matter. A dermatologist can also make a tiny sterile opening and remove the cyst. [Curettage And Cautery](/treatments/surgical-dermatology/curettage-and-cautery/) may be discussed for suitable lesions. Avoid home needles, squeezing, and abrasive products, especially near the eyes.

Make an appointment if the diagnosis is uncertain, lesions are persistent or numerous, or self-care has irritated the area. Seek prompt attention for rapid change, bleeding, ulceration, pus, increasing warmth, or significant pain. A different-looking lesion should be assessed directly rather than treated as ordinary milia.

What confirms that these are milia? Which treatment fits their location? Could a topical retinoid irritate my skin? What aftercare follows extraction, and how can I reduce the chance of a dark or persistent mark?