How is common cold treated?

The common cold is a viral infection of the upper airways. A blocked nose, cough, fever and feeling generally unwell can occur, and symptoms may change as the infection runs its course. Irritation can sometimes contribute to laryngitis, sinusitis, or an earache or middle ear infection.

Treatment is aimed at comfort and hydration. A pharmacist can help you choose a suitable pain or fever medicine and check for interactions with your regular medicines. Children, pregnancy and long-term health conditions may change which products are appropriate.

Rest, drink regularly and try warm fluids for a sore or irritated throat. Saline nasal drops or a humidified room may ease a blocked nose. Avoid smoking and wash your hands after coughing or blowing your nose. Follow the label for any medicine and avoid combining products that contain the same ingredient.

Contact a clinician if symptoms are worsening rather than settling, return after improving, or include persistent fever, severe earache, facial pain or breathing difficulty. Seek urgent help for severe breathlessness, chest pain, blue lips, confusion or inability to keep fluids down.

Ask whether your symptoms fit a common cold, which medicines are safe with your health conditions, and whether a cough, blocked nose or earache needs separate assessment.