How does diagnostic hysteroscopy work?

Diagnostic hysteroscopy uses a slim camera passed through the cervix to inspect the inside of the womb and identify possible causes of symptoms. Fluid gently expands the womb so the clinician can see its lining. The camera may show polyps, fibroids or other changes, and a small tissue sample may be taken.

A [Hysteroscope](/technology/hysteroscope/) is a narrow lighted instrument. It travels through the vagina and cervix, so no abdominal cut is needed for a diagnostic examination. The test may be suggested for unusual bleeding, fertility concerns or an image that needs closer assessment. [Endometrial Polyps](/conditions/endometrial-polyps/) are one possible finding.

Pain varies. Some people feel cramping as the instrument or fluid is introduced. Depending on the setting and purpose, the procedure may use local anaesthesia, sedation or a general anaesthetic. If an abnormal area is seen, the clinician will explain whether sampling or a separate treatment is appropriate.

Tell the team about pregnancy possibility, allergies, medicines and previous reactions to anaesthesia. Follow instructions about food, drink and transport if sedation or anaesthesia is planned. Afterward, mild cramps and light bleeding can occur. Rest as needed, use sanitary pads if advised, and follow instructions about sex, bathing and returning to usual activity.

Contact the care team for fever, worsening pain, heavy bleeding, faintness or foul-smelling discharge after the procedure. Seek urgent help for severe pain, collapse, breathing difficulty or bleeding that feels uncontrolled. Do not wait for the planned result appointment if you feel acutely unwell.

Ask why hysteroscopy is recommended, which anaesthetic is planned, whether a biopsy or removal might happen, when results are expected, and which activities should be avoided during recovery.