COVID-19 vaccine: what to know before vaccination

Vaccination prepares immune cells to respond to the virus without requiring you to develop COVID-19 first. It does not prevent every infection, and a vaccinated person may still pass the virus on. Its main value is helping the body respond more effectively, which can lower the risk of serious disease and complications such as pneumonia. Recommendations may differ with age, pregnancy, immune status, previous infection, and local health policy.

Tell the vaccinator about allergies, previous reactions, current illness, pregnancy, immune conditions, and medicines. Bring your vaccination record if available. Mild soreness, tiredness, headache, or a short-lived fever can occur after vaccination; rest and fluids may help. Follow the provider's advice about suitable symptom relief, and keep a record of the product and date received.

Get emergency help for trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, collapse, severe chest pain, or a rapidly spreading allergic reaction after vaccination. Contact a clinician for symptoms that are severe, unexpected, or not settling, and mention when the vaccine was given. A new infection after vaccination still needs appropriate assessment.

Ask which vaccine schedule applies to you, how pregnancy or immune conditions affect the plan, how to handle a previous allergic reaction, and whether you should delay vaccination during an acute illness.