What causes bald spots in women?

Smooth, sharply defined patches without scale may fit alopecia areata, an immune-related condition that targets hair follicles. Scaly areas with broken hairs, itch, tenderness, or swollen glands can occur with scalp ringworm and need medical treatment. Repeated pulling from tight braids, extensions, buns, or coverings can cause traction-related loss; ongoing tension may injure follicles. Redness, pain, crusting, or pustules suggest inflammation or infection. Hair shedding after illness, major stress, childbirth, or a nutritional problem usually looks more diffuse, but a clinician should check a distinct patch rather than assume its cause. Brows or lashes changing too can be useful diagnostic information.

Handle hair gently, pause tight styles and extensions, and avoid scratching, bleaching, or applying unprescribed steroid or antifungal products to the scalp. Photograph the patch in consistent light and note when it began, whether it is enlarging, and any itch, scale, pain, or recent illness. Arrange a dermatology assessment; examination may include scalp inspection and tests guided by the pattern. Hair transplant treatment is not usually the first step while an active cause is still being investigated.

Book an appointment for a new bald patch, rapid enlargement, several patches, broken hairs, scale, pain, pus, or scalp redness. Seek prompt care if hair loss follows a chemical injury or is accompanied by fever or marked swelling. Early assessment matters when infection or ongoing traction could damage follicles, and it also helps distinguish alopecia areata from other causes.

Ask what the shape and scalp surface suggest, whether you need testing for infection or other contributors, which hairstyles are safe, and what treatment timeline is realistic.