What does a mammogram treat?

During a mammogram, each breast is positioned and briefly compressed while X-ray images are taken. The images may be used for routine screening or to investigate a lump, pain, nipple change, skin change, or another concern. They can show findings that need follow-up, including changes associated with breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ. An image cannot by itself confirm the cause of a finding; further assessment may involve examination, additional imaging, or a biopsy.

Tell the imaging team if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, have breast implants, or have had breast surgery. Wear clothing that is easy to remove from the waist up and avoid deodorant or powder on the breasts and underarms if your centre advises this, because some products can affect the images. Tell the team where you feel a lump or pain so that your concern is recorded. Ask when and how the result will be communicated.

Do not wait for routine imaging if you notice a new breast lump, bloody nipple discharge, nipple inversion, skin dimpling, or a persistent change in breast shape. Arrange clinical assessment so the appropriate test can be chosen. Seek urgent help for severe symptoms, rapidly worsening swelling, fever with breast redness, or feeling seriously unwell.

Is this mammogram for screening or to investigate a symptom? What will happen if the images show a change? Would ultrasound, MRI, or another view be useful? When should I expect the result?