What are the treatment options for womb cancer?

Womb cancer usually starts in the lining of the womb, called the endometrium. An endometrial biopsy confirms the cell type, while a transvaginal ultrasound and other tests help assess the womb and possible spread. The care team uses these findings, symptoms, fertility wishes, and general health to recommend treatment.

Hysterectomy removes the womb and is a common operation; the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or nearby tissue may also be discussed. Radical hysterectomy removes more surrounding tissue in selected situations. Radiotherapy may be external treatment or brachytherapy placed close to the area needing treatment. Chemotherapy treats cells throughout the body, while hormone therapy may suit cancers with particular hormone features.

Ask which tests are still needed and what the pathology says about grade, type, and spread. Discuss recovery after surgery, possible effects on bladder or bowel function, menopause symptoms, sexual health, and fertility. Tell the team about medicines, allergies, other illnesses, and any possibility of pregnancy.

Plan transport and help at home if an operation or intensive treatment is expected. Report new bleeding or pelvic symptoms rather than waiting for the next appointment.

Seek prompt medical advice for bleeding after menopause, bleeding between periods, unusual discharge, or new pelvic pain. During treatment, call urgently for fever, heavy bleeding, severe abdominal pain, inability to pass urine, or breathlessness. Emergency help is needed for fainting, chest pain, or severe bleeding that does not settle.

What type and stage of womb cancer do I have? Is surgery enough, or will I need radiotherapy or medicines afterward? Could brachytherapy be suitable? What changes to fertility, menopause, bladder, bowel, or sexual health should I plan for?