What are the treatment options for cervical dysplasia?

Cervical dysplasia means abnormal cells are present on the surface of the cervix. It is not the same as invasive cervical cancer. A colposcopy examines the cervix closely and may include a small biopsy; an HPV test can help guide follow-up. Mild changes may be watched with repeat tests because some settle without an operation. More marked or persistent changes may need removal.

Removal options include loop excision of the cervix, which uses a thin heated wire, or a cone biopsy, which removes a cone-shaped piece for laboratory examination. The choice depends on the location and depth of the abnormal area, whether the edges can be assessed, and pregnancy considerations.

Arrange the recommended colposcopy or repeat cervical testing rather than missing follow-up. Bring information about previous results, medicines, bleeding problems, and any pregnancy or fertility plans. After an excision, follow the wound-care instructions and attend surveillance appointments so recurrent or remaining changes can be identified.

Seek prompt medical advice for heavy bleeding, worsening pelvic pain, fever, foul-smelling discharge, or feeling faint after a biopsy or excision. Contact your clinician sooner if you are pregnant, have a weakened immune system, or cannot attend the planned review.

Ask which cell changes were found, whether monitoring is suitable, which procedure is recommended and why, how treatment may affect a future pregnancy, and when your next HPV test or cervical examination is due.