What are the symptoms of vertebral compression fracture?

Pain is often felt in the middle or lower back and may worsen with standing, walking, bending, coughing or changing position. The area can be tender when touched, and the back may feel stiff. Some fractures develop after a fall or lifting movement; others occur with little obvious injury when the vertebra has been weakened. More than one fracture over time can contribute to loss of height or a forward-curved posture.

A vertebral compression fracture is not the only cause of back pain. A clinician may use an examination and imaging to assess the bone and nearby nerves. Learn about [Vertebral Compression Fracture](/conditions/vertebral-compression-fracture/), [Lower Back Pain](/symptoms/lower-back-pain/) and [Upper Back Pain](/symptoms/upper-back-pain/). [Osteoporosis](/conditions/osteoporosis/) can weaken bone and is one factor a clinician may assess.

Arrange medical assessment for new severe back pain, especially after a fall or if normal movement has suddenly become difficult. Until assessed, avoid heavy lifting and movements that sharply increase pain, but do not stay in bed for long periods without clinical advice. Treatment may include pain management, gradual rehabilitation and care for bone health such as [Bisphosphonate Therapy](/treatments/non-surgical-orthopedics/bisphosphonate-therapy/). Selected painful fractures may prompt discussion of [Kyphoplasty](/treatments/spine-care/kyphoplasty/) or [Vertebroplasty](/treatments/spine-care/vertebroplasty/).

Seek urgent care for new leg weakness, numbness around the groin, loss of bladder or bowel control, or severe pain after significant trauma. These symptoms can indicate pressure on nerves or another spinal emergency.

Could this pain be from a compression fracture? Do I need imaging or a bone-strength assessment? Which movements are safe now? How can I reduce the chance of another fracture?