What are the symptoms of ovarian cysts?

Many cysts are found during an examination or scan without causing symptoms. A cyst that is larger, bleeds, ruptures or twists the ovary can cause discomfort on one side of the lower abdomen or pelvis. The pain may be dull and persistent, or sharp and sudden.

Other possible changes include a feeling of fullness, persistent bloating, pain during sex, heavier or irregular bleeding, or needing to pass urine more often. Ovulation pain can feel similar to cyst-related pain, so symptoms alone cannot identify the cause.

Arrange an assessment for ongoing pelvic pain, a new change in bleeding or persistent bloating. A clinician may ask about your cycle and examine you before arranging imaging. A transvaginal ultrasound can show the cyst's size and appearance. Observation, medication or surgery depends on the findings and your symptoms.

Get urgent medical help for sudden severe pelvic or abdominal pain, pain with vomiting, faintness, marked weakness, fever or a swollen abdomen. These symptoms can occur with complications such as rupture or ovarian twisting and need prompt assessment.

What does the scan show, and does the cyst need follow-up? Could my pain come from ovulation or another pelvic condition? Which symptoms should send me to urgent care?