What are the symptoms of inguinal hernia?

The bulge may appear in the groin or extend towards the scrotum, and it may become more noticeable later in the day or during straining. It can reduce when you lie down. Some people have no pain, while others feel pressure, heaviness or a sharp twinge with movement.

A groin lump has several possible causes, so symptoms do not establish the diagnosis. Pain may spread into the lower abdomen or testicle; persistent abdominal pain or testicular pain needs assessment rather than self-diagnosis.

Arrange a GP Consultation if you notice a new groin bulge, recurring discomfort or symptoms that limit walking, work or exercise. Note whether the lump changes with coughing, standing or lying down, and mention constipation, difficulty passing urine or recent heavy lifting. An examination is often enough; an Abdominal Ultrasound may be considered when the finding is unclear.

Avoid deliberately forcing a painful lump back. Reduce activities that trigger discomfort until you have received medical advice, and keep the area observed for changes in colour, size or tenderness.

Seek urgent care if a bulge becomes suddenly very painful, firm, discoloured or cannot be gently reduced when you lie down, especially with vomiting, marked abdominal swelling, fever or inability to pass stool or gas. These changes can indicate trapped tissue and require prompt assessment.

Ask: Does the lump fit an inguinal hernia? Is imaging needed? Which activities should I pause? What symptoms mean the hernia may be trapped, and how quickly should I return for review?