Ways to relieve constipation

Constipation can mean hard or lumpy stools, straining, passing stool less often than usual, or feeling that the bowel has not emptied. Low fluid intake, limited fibre, inactivity, routine changes and some medicines can slow bowel movement. Dehydration may make stools harder. Ongoing constipation can occur with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, while Hypothyroidism is another possible contributor.

Increase fibre gradually through vegetables, fruit, beans and whole grains, and drink fluids regularly unless a clinician has restricted them. Walk or move each day as able. Set aside unhurried toilet time, respond to the urge, and use a footstool to bring the knees slightly above the hips. If these measures are not enough, ask a pharmacist or clinician about a suitable laxative; use it according to instructions and review ongoing need. Nutrition Counselling can help tailor fibre and fluid changes.

Arrange review if constipation keeps returning, begins after a medicine change, or does not improve with self-care. Seek urgent help for severe or persistent abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, a swollen rigid abdomen, blood or black stool, fever, or inability to pass stool and gas. A sudden change in bowel habit or unexplained weight loss should also be assessed.

Could a medicine, dehydration or Hypothyroidism be contributing? Which fibre or laxative is appropriate for me? Do I need examination or tests, and how long should I continue treatment?