Ways to prevent osteoporosis

Bone is living tissue that constantly changes. Inactivity, low nutrient intake, smoking, heavy alcohol use, some medicines and hormonal changes can reduce bone strength. Protection is not a single action: walking or other weight-bearing exercise loads bone, while resistance work supports the muscles that help you balance and move safely. Calcium provides building material, and vitamin D helps the body use calcium. A clinician can also review personal risks and decide whether a Bone Density Scan is appropriate.

Choose regular weight-bearing movement such as brisk walking, stair climbing or dancing, and add supervised resistance exercises when suitable. Include calcium-rich foods and discuss vitamin D intake if diet, sun exposure or a medical condition may leave you short. Avoid smoking and keep alcohol within low-risk limits. Improve balance and remove trip hazards at home, especially if you have fallen before. If osteoporosis is diagnosed or fracture risk is high, treatment may include Calcium Supplementation, Vitamin D Supplementation or Bisphosphonate Therapy after an individual review.

Arrange a medical review after a fracture from a minor fall, new loss of height, persistent back pain or repeated falls. A Hip Fracture, Stress Fracture or Vertebral Compression Fracture needs prompt assessment. Seek urgent help for severe sudden back or hip pain, inability to stand or walk, or a limb that looks deformed. Do not start high-impact exercise after an injury until a clinician has checked it.

Ask which activities are safe for your current bone and joint health, whether you need a Bone Density Scan, how much calcium and vitamin D is suitable for you, and whether any medicine you take affects bone strength. If treatment is advised, ask how it works, how it will be monitored and what symptoms should prompt a review.