What should you know about vulval warts?

Vulval warts are usually small, flesh-coloured or pink growths on the vulva or nearby skin. They may be smooth, raised, or clustered and can cause itching, irritation, or bleeding after friction. A clinician can distinguish them from other bumps and choose treatment that suits the location.

Warts are linked to certain types of human papillomavirus and can spread through intimate skin-to-skin contact. They may be present without discomfort, and their appearance can change gradually. Do not use ordinary wart liquids on genital skin, because these products can injure delicate tissue. Examination is also useful when a growth is dark, firm, ulcerated, or unlike your usual symptoms.

Arrange a review with a dermatologist, gynaecologist, or sexual-health clinician. Until then, avoid picking or shaving over the growth, wash gently, and keep the area dry. Condoms may reduce but cannot eliminate skin-to-skin transmission. Treatment options can include Imiquimod Treatment, Cryotherapy (Lesion Removal), Electrosurgery, or Wart Removal; the choice depends on size, number, position, pregnancy status, and skin sensitivity.

Seek prompt medical assessment if the area is rapidly changing, very painful, bleeding without clear friction, ulcerated, or associated with fever or difficulty passing urine. Arrange an appointment if the growth persists, returns after treatment, or you are pregnant or have reduced immunity.

Could this be a wart or another vulval condition? Which treatment fits its location? Should a sample be examined? How can I reduce irritation and protect a partner while it is being assessed?