Types of pneumonia vaccines

Pneumococcal vaccines protect against selected strains of bacteria that can cause pneumonia, bloodstream infection or meningitis. Different formulations cover different groups of strains and may be recommended at different stages of life or for certain medical conditions. They do not prevent every cause of pneumonia: viruses such as influenza and COVID-19 need their own prevention plans, and vaccination does not replace hand hygiene or prompt care for new symptoms. Previous doses matter when a clinician plans the next one.

Ask a healthcare professional which vaccine applies to your age, pregnancy status, immune system and long-term conditions. Bring any vaccination record and mention previous reactions. The schedule may involve one or more doses, with timing based on the product and your history. A sore arm, tiredness or mild fever can follow vaccination; seek advice about a severe or unusual reaction. Continue recommended influenza and COVID-19 vaccination because these infections can also affect the lungs.

Vaccination is preventive, not a treatment for current pneumonia. Seek urgent help for severe breathlessness, blue or grey lips, confusion, fainting or rapidly worsening weakness. Contact a clinician for fever, chills, a new cough or coughing up phlegm, especially if you have a condition that increases the risk of serious infection. Do not delay care while waiting for a vaccine appointment.

Which pneumonia vaccine is recommended for me? Do I need more than one dose or a particular interval? How does my medical history affect the plan? Which other vaccines help reduce respiratory infection risk?