Types of asthma in adults

Allergic asthma may flare after exposure to triggers such as house dust mites, pollen or animal dander. Asthma linked with exercise causes symptoms during or after exertion, while work-related asthma may improve away from a workplace and worsen after exposure to dust, fumes or chemicals.

Some adults notice symptoms mainly with viral infections, cold air, smoke or strong scents. Symptoms can include cough, wheezing, chest tightness and breathlessness, sometimes without obvious wheeze. Adult-onset asthma can resemble other conditions, so testing and a clinical history help confirm the pattern.

Record when symptoms occur, what you were doing, where you were, and how long relief lasted after prescribed treatment. This can reveal links with exercise, work tasks, allergens, reflux or infections. Do not stop prescribed preventer treatment simply because symptoms are quiet.

Use inhalers with the technique demonstrated by your clinician and keep an up-to-date action plan. Reduce smoke exposure, manage relevant allergies, and discuss workplace controls if symptoms relate to your job. A review can check lung function and whether another diagnosis should be considered.

Arrange a medical review for new wheezing, repeated night cough, breathlessness during routine activity, or symptoms that return after treatment. Seek emergency help for severe breathing difficulty, inability to speak comfortably, confusion, blue or grey lips, or poor response to your reliever plan.

Ask which pattern best fits your symptoms, whether you need lung-function testing, and how to identify work or allergy triggers. Ask for a written action plan, inhaler technique check and clear instructions for urgent symptoms.