What should you know about total knee replacement surgery procedure?

The surgeon opens the knee, removes worn surfaces from the thigh bone and shin bone, and prepares the kneecap when needed. The replacement has a metal femoral component, a tibial component, and a durable plastic spacer that allows the surfaces to move together. Some implants are fixed with Bone Cement; others rely on bone growth around a surface designed for fixation. Materials may include Cobalt-Chrome Alloy, Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene, or a Titanium Implant.

The operation is usually considered when pain, stiffness, or reduced function from Knee Osteoarthritis continues to limit daily activities despite non-surgical care. Computer Navigation for Surgery may help the team plan alignment and guide positioning, but it does not replace the surgeon’s judgement.

Before surgery, review medicines, health conditions, dental concerns, home support, and mobility needs with the surgical team. Arrange a safe walking route, remove trip hazards, and prepare a chair with firm support. After surgery, follow the prescribed exercises and walking plan. Swelling can affect bending, so elevation, cold therapy if approved, and regular movement may be recommended. Progress is individual; the aim is steadily improving strength, knee control, and confidence.

Contact the surgical team promptly for increasing wound redness, drainage, fever, worsening pain, or a sudden loss of movement. Seek urgent help for new breathlessness, chest pain, fainting, or a leg that becomes suddenly very swollen, painful, or discoloured.

Ask which implant fixation is planned, what movements to practise first, how to manage swelling, when driving may be considered, and which symptoms should trigger an urgent call.