The Great Influenza: what to know

The historic event is remembered for widespread illness caused by an influenza virus. Seasonal influenza today can begin suddenly with fever, chills, headache, cough, fatigue and a generally unwell feeling. Symptoms can overlap with other respiratory infections, so the pattern alone cannot confirm influenza.

Most people improve with rest and fluids, but influenza can lead to complications such as pneumonia, especially in older adults, young children, pregnant people and those with chronic medical conditions or weakened immunity.

Rest, drink enough fluid to avoid dehydration, and use symptom relief medicines only as directed. Stay home while feverish or feeling significantly unwell, improve ventilation, and limit close contact with vulnerable people. Contact a clinician early if you are at higher risk or symptoms are severe, because some treatments are time-sensitive. Follow local advice about influenza vaccination and prevention.

Get urgent help for severe breathing difficulty, chest pain, blue lips, confusion, collapse, dehydration, or a fever that improves and then returns with worsening cough. A child who is unusually sleepy, struggling to breathe or unable to drink needs prompt assessment. Do not assume severe symptoms are ordinary influenza.

Ask: Could this be influenza or another infection? Do I need testing? Am I at higher risk of complications? Which symptom medicines are suitable for me? When can I safely return to work, school or exercise?