The 100 day cough: what to know

After a cold or acute bronchitis, airway irritation may continue after the initial infection improves. A persistent cough can also accompany asthma, allergic rhinitis or acid reflux. Chronic cough is a separate symptom pattern that deserves a clinical review. In children, bronchiolitis and other airway conditions may need consideration. The sound of a cough alone cannot identify its cause.

A clinician may ask when the cough began, whether it is dry or produces mucus, what triggers it, and whether you have wheezing, heartburn, fever or breathlessness. Examination and selected tests can guide treatment.

Drink fluids, avoid tobacco smoke and reduce exposure to dust or strong fragrances. Rest if you feel unwell, and use medicines only as directed by a pharmacist or clinician. Do not start antibiotics simply because a cough has lasted a long time; they help only in selected infections. Arrange an appointment if the cough is not improving, interferes with sleep, or keeps returning.

Seek urgent medical help for severe breathing difficulty, blue lips, confusion, coughing blood, chest pain, or a child who is struggling to breathe. Prompt review is also appropriate for persistent fever, unexplained weight loss, night sweats, or a cough in someone with significant lung disease or reduced immunity.

Ask: What causes should we consider? Do I need a chest examination or testing? Could reflux, allergy or asthma be contributing? Which treatments are safe for my age and other medicines? What change should prompt urgent review?