What should you know about spasmodic cough?

Coughing fits can occur when the airways or throat become irritated. A [Common Cold](/conditions/common-cold/) or [Acute Bronchitis](/conditions/acute-bronchitis/) may cause a temporary cough, while [Asthma](/conditions/asthma/) can make the airways narrow and trigger bouts with wheezing or chest tightness. Mucus from [Allergic Rhinitis](/conditions/allergic-rhinitis/) may drip into the throat, and [Acid Reflux](/conditions/acid-reflux/) can irritate the voice box or airway. Repeated cough over a longer period has different possible causes, including [Chronic Cough](/conditions/chronic-cough/).

Notice whether episodes follow exercise, cold air, meals, lying down, smoke, dust, or a new medicine. Sip fluids, avoid smoke and strong fragrances, and use any prescribed inhaler as instructed. Do not borrow antibiotics or cough medicines. A clinician can listen to your chest and decide whether asthma testing, infection assessment, or another examination is needed. Babies and young children with forceful coughing deserve a lower threshold for medical advice; [Bronchiolitis](/conditions/bronchiolitis/) and other childhood illnesses can affect breathing quickly.

Seek emergency help if a coughing fit causes severe breathing difficulty, blue or grey lips, fainting, confusion, choking, or inability to speak normally. Arrange prompt assessment for coughing blood, chest pain, dehydration, a high-pitched breathing sound, or a cough that is rapidly worsening. Medical review is also appropriate when episodes keep returning, disturb sleep, or continue beyond the expected course of a minor infection.

Tell the clinician when the cough began, whether it is dry or brings up mucus, and what brings on a fit. Ask whether your pattern suggests asthma, reflux, allergy, infection, or another airway problem, and what symptoms should trigger urgent help.