Signs and symptoms of stable angina

Angina happens when the heart muscle needs more oxygen than the narrowed coronary arteries can supply. Stable angina usually follows a familiar pattern: discomfort may begin with brisk walking, climbing stairs, cold weather, or emotional strain, then settle after stopping. The sensation can spread to the arm, shoulder, neck, jaw, or back and may come with breathlessness, sweating, nausea, or unusual tiredness.

A new pattern, discomfort at rest, symptoms lasting longer than usual, or symptoms that are becoming more frequent may indicate a more serious problem. Hypertension is one condition that can increase cardiovascular strain, but chest tightness has several possible causes.

Arrange medical assessment for recurring chest tightness, particularly if it appears with activity. Keep a note of the trigger, sensation, duration, associated symptoms, and what relieves it. A clinician may review risk factors, examine you, and arrange an electrocardiogram or other tests. Use prescribed angina medicine exactly as directed and do not borrow someone else’s treatment.

Call emergency services for chest pressure or tightness that is severe, new, different, occurs at rest, does not settle as expected, or comes with breathlessness, cold sweating, faintness, nausea, or pain spreading to the arm or jaw. Stop exerting yourself while waiting for help and follow any personal emergency plan you have been given.

Does my symptom pattern need an ECG or urgent testing? What should I do if discomfort starts during activity? Which medicines are appropriate for my blood pressure or cholesterol? How can I tell my usual symptoms from a possible heart emergency?