Sepsis secondary to a urinary tract infection

A urinary tract infection can begin in the bladder and may spread towards the kidneys or into the bloodstream. Sepsis is the body's harmful, widespread response to an infection; it can affect circulation and the function of organs. Fever, chills, feeling generally unwell, or generalised weakness may occur, but symptoms can vary and a person may become seriously ill without a high temperature.

A person with a urinary tract infection who develops new confusion, marked drowsiness, fast breathing, or difficulty staying awake needs urgent medical assessment. These changes signal possible severe illness rather than proving the cause. Read more about [Urinary Tract Infection](/conditions/urinary-tract-infection/) and [Sepsis](/conditions/sepsis/).

If sepsis is suspected, call emergency services or go to an emergency department immediately. Tell the team about urinary symptoms, recent antibiotics, fever or chills, and any change in alertness. Do not drive yourself if you feel faint, confused, or very weak. Take medication information with you if it is readily available, but do not delay leaving to collect it.

Hospital care may include examination, blood and urine testing, fluids, oxygen when needed, and antibiotics chosen for the suspected infection. Treatment is adjusted as clinicians learn more about the source and the body's response.

Seek emergency help for confusion, fainting, severe breathlessness, blue or grey lips, cold or clammy skin, very little urine, or rapidly worsening weakness. Seek same-day medical advice for urinary symptoms with fever, shaking chills, pain in the side or back, vomiting, or a clear deterioration despite treatment.

Ask which infection is suspected, whether the kidneys may be involved, which warning signs should trigger a return to hospital, and how to take and complete the prescribed treatment.