Removing nits from hair: what to know

Nits are head-lice eggs attached firmly to individual hairs, often near the scalp where warmth supports development. They do not slide away like ordinary dandruff or product residue. Finding an egg-shaped speck does not by itself show that live lice remain, so inspect the hair and scalp carefully for crawling insects or newly attached eggs.

Head lice can cause an itchy scalp, and some people notice itching more strongly at night. Scratching may leave small irritated areas. Check household members who share close head contact, but avoid sharing combs, brushes, hats, or hair accessories until the situation is clear.

Wet the hair, add conditioner, and separate it into small sections. Use a fine-toothed lice comb from the scalp to the ends, wiping the comb after every pass. Work around the ears and the nape, then repeat the process on a regular schedule because newly hatched lice may be missed during the first check.

If live lice are found, a clinician or pharmacist can advise on an appropriate head-lice treatment and how to use it. Follow the product directions exactly; do not layer different products or apply household chemicals to the scalp. Wash recently used bedding and clothing according to their care instructions, and vacuum places where hair rests.

Arrange a GP consultation if you cannot tell whether the specks are nits, live lice remain after careful combing, or the scalp has sores, crusting, swelling, or worsening pain. Seek prompt advice if a child has a scalp reaction after a lice product, or if scratching has caused open skin. A clinician can confirm the finding and recommend a suitable treatment plan.

Ask whether the finding is an active infestation, whether every close contact should be checked, when to repeat combing or treatment, and how to protect irritated scalp skin while it heals.