How to reduce acid reflux

Acid reflux happens when stomach contents move back towards the food pipe. It can cause burning behind the breastbone, a sour taste, regurgitation, cough or disturbed sleep. A hiatus hernia, increased abdominal pressure and some foods or drinks can make symptoms more troublesome; obesity can also increase pressure on the stomach.

Symptoms that resemble reflux can have another cause. Chest tightness, abdominal pain or a chronic cough should be described clearly to a clinician, especially if they are new, severe or changing.

Choose smaller meals, eat slowly and avoid lying down soon after eating. Notice whether fatty meals, spicy foods, coffee, chocolate, mint, citrus, tomatoes or alcohol trigger you, then reduce only the items that cause a pattern. Raise the head of the bed if night symptoms occur, wear looser clothing around the waist and work towards a weight that supports your health if advised. A pharmacist or clinician can explain suitable antacids or acid-reducing treatment.

Arrange a review if reflux is frequent, keeps returning, interrupts sleep, causes difficulty swallowing, food sticking, persistent vomiting, unexplained weight loss or ongoing cough. Seek emergency help for chest pressure or tightness with breathlessness, sweating, faintness, or pain spreading to the arm, back or jaw, because heart problems can feel similar to reflux.

Ask whether your symptoms fit Acid Reflux, whether a hiatus hernia or medicine could contribute, and how long to try lifestyle measures. Discuss safe treatment if symptoms persist and whether another cause should be checked.