What causes nicotine dependence?

Nicotine reaches the brain quickly and can briefly change alertness, mood or concentration. With repeated use, the brain adapts to its presence. When nicotine levels fall, cravings and withdrawal may appear, including irritability, restlessness, feeling anxious and difficulty concentrating.

Dependence is not simply a matter of willpower. The pattern can be strengthened by routines such as smoking after meals, social cues, stress, alcohol or seeing other people use nicotine. Vaping, cigarettes and other nicotine products can all maintain the cycle.

Notice which situations trigger an urge and what you expect nicotine to do for you. Write down the time, trigger, product and feeling for several days. This gives a practical starting point for changing routines and planning a response to cravings.

A Smoking Cessation Programme can combine behavioural support with treatment options. A clinician can also review symptoms such as a chronic cough and explain how nicotine use relates to your wider health.

Arrange a review if cravings control your day, you use nicotine soon after waking, or repeated attempts to stop have been difficult. Seek prompt advice for chest pain, severe breathlessness, coughing blood, fainting, or sudden weakness in an arm or leg.

Which withdrawal symptoms should I expect? What support suits my products and routine? Could my cough, breathing or circulation symptoms need checking?