Nasal headache: what to know

Blocked nasal passages can create pressure around the cheeks, forehead, or bridge of the nose during a cold, allergic rhinitis, or chronic sinusitis. Headache can also occur with COVID-19, dehydration, heat exhaustion, or anxiety-related muscle tension. Migraine and other headache disorders may feel like facial or nasal pressure, so location alone cannot identify sinus disease. Notice whether congestion, discharge, fever, light sensitivity, nausea, thirst, heat exposure, or stress accompanies the pain.

Rest in a quiet, comfortable place, drink fluids, and avoid excess heat. Saline nasal spray or rinse may ease congestion when used safely and as instructed. A pharmacist can advise on suitable pain relief or allergy treatment, taking your other medicines and health conditions into account. Avoid repeatedly using decongestant nasal sprays beyond their labelled duration, because overuse can worsen blockage. Keep a note of triggers, timing, and associated symptoms.

Arrange medical review for a new or recurring headache, pain that persists despite self-care, or symptoms with fever, facial swelling, or thick nasal discharge. Seek emergency help for a sudden severe headache, weakness, trouble speaking, fainting, confusion, stiff neck, new vision loss, or a headache after a significant injury. Heat-related headache with collapse or worsening confusion also requires urgent care.

Do my symptoms suggest congestion, migraine, dehydration, or another cause? Should I use a nasal treatment or have my sinuses examined? Which warning signs should make me seek urgent help?