What should you know about most common hypertension medications?

[Hypertension](/conditions/hypertension/) is often silent, yet sustained pressure can strain blood vessels and organs. Medicines may widen arteries, reduce fluid handled by the kidneys, slow the pulse or block signals that raise pressure. The suitable option depends on readings, kidney function, age, pregnancy plans and other conditions such as [Chronic Kidney Disease](/conditions/chronic-kidney-disease/) or [Heart Failure](/conditions/heart-failure/). More than one type may be used when one does not provide enough control.

Take each dose as prescribed and keep appointments for pressure checks and any requested blood tests. Bring all medicines and supplements to reviews. Do not change the dose because a single reading is higher or lower than expected. Salt intake, body weight, sleep quality and medicines such as some pain relievers can influence control; tell your clinician about them. Managing associated problems, including [Obesity](/conditions/obesity/) or [Obstructive Sleep Apnoea](/conditions/obstructive-sleep-apnoea/), may also support the plan.

Call emergency services for chest pain, severe breathlessness, collapse, sudden facial drooping, one-sided weakness, new trouble speaking or sudden vision loss. These may signal [Angina](/conditions/angina/), [Stroke](/conditions/stroke/) or a [Transient Ischaemic Attack](/conditions/transient-ischaemic-attack/). Seek prompt advice for fainting, marked swelling, severe dizziness or a new reaction after taking a tablet.

Ask which medicine is being considered, how soon it should be reviewed, what monitoring is needed, and what to do if you miss a dose. Share any kidney, heart or sleep condition and your full medicine list.