What should you know about melanoma brain tumor symptoms?

Melanoma cells can sometimes spread to the brain and form one or more deposits. Symptoms depend on the location and size of a deposit and on swelling around it. A person may notice a new or changing headache, nausea, a seizure, unusual sleepiness, personality or memory changes, weakness on one side, difficulty speaking, altered vision or unsteadiness. These symptoms have many possible causes, so they do not by themselves confirm melanoma or a brain tumour.

A neurological examination and brain imaging help the clinical team investigate the cause. An [MRI Scan](/treatments/diagnostics-and-staging/mri-scan/) can show brain structures in detail. The team may compare the result with earlier melanoma records and other scans before recommending a treatment plan.

Tell your oncology team about new, persistent or worsening neurological symptoms, including when they started and whether they come and go. Do not drive if you have had a seizure, sudden weakness or episodes of impaired awareness until a clinician advises you. Depending on the findings, care may include medicines for swelling or seizures and treatment directed at the brain, such as [Radiotherapy](/treatments/radiation-oncology/radiotherapy/), [Stereotactic Radiosurgery](/treatments/radiation-oncology/stereotactic-radiosurgery/), [Brain Tumour Surgery](/treatments/surgical-oncology/brain-tumour-surgery/) or [Chemotherapy](/treatments/systemic-therapy/chemotherapy/).

Call emergency services for a first seizure, a seizure that does not stop, sudden facial drooping, new one-sided weakness, loss of consciousness, severe sudden headache or difficulty breathing. Urgent assessment is also needed for rapidly worsening confusion, repeated vomiting or a sudden change in vision. Bring a current medicine list and tell staff about any melanoma diagnosis.

Ask what may be causing the symptom, which imaging is appropriate, whether swelling or seizure risk needs treatment, and how the proposed option may affect thinking, movement or daily activities. Ask who to contact if symptoms change between visits.