What should you know about medicine for asthma and allergies?

Asthma treatment commonly includes a preventer inhaler used regularly and a reliever inhaler for sudden symptoms. Some people need additional inhalers or tablets after an assessment. Allergy treatment may include antihistamines, a nasal spray, or avoidance measures. The right choice depends on whether symptoms affect the nose, eyes, skin, or lower airways.

Learn about [Asthma](/conditions/asthma/) and [Allergic Rhinitis](/conditions/allergic-rhinitis/) to understand why symptoms can overlap. An inhaler does not treat every cough, and an antihistamine does not replace an asthma action plan.

Use inhalers with the technique shown by a clinician, and ask for a spacer if one is suitable. Rinse your mouth after a steroid inhaler. Keep track of how often you need a reliever, and do not stop a regular preventer without advice. Check labels before combining allergy products, because duplicate ingredients can cause unwanted effects.

Reduce known triggers such as smoke, strong fragrances, or house dust when these affect you. A pharmacist can check interactions, pregnancy considerations, and whether a nasal spray needs regular use before it helps. [Nebuliser Treatment](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/nebuliser-treatment/) may be used in selected urgent situations.

Seek emergency help for severe breathlessness, blue or grey lips, confusion, fainting, or difficulty speaking in full sentences. Urgent assessment is also needed when a reliever is not easing wheezing or chest tightness. See a clinician if night symptoms, activity limits, or frequent [Cough](/symptoms/cough/) are increasing.

Ask which inhaler is for prevention and which is for quick relief, how to demonstrate your technique, and what your personal action plan says. Discuss allergy triggers, side effects, and when treatment should be reviewed.