What should you know about large multinodular goitre?

Multinodular means that the thyroid has several distinct lumps within an enlarged gland. The nodules may not produce extra hormone, or some may contribute to an overactive thyroid. A person can also have normal thyroid function despite a prominent neck swelling. Size alone cannot determine the nature of a nodule.

Possible effects include a visible neck fullness, a cough, hoarseness, a sensation of food sticking, or breathlessness when lying down. Some people instead notice symptoms linked with [Hyperthyroidism](/conditions/hyperthyroidism/), such as heat intolerance and a fast heartbeat; others have features of [Hypothyroidism](/conditions/hypothyroidism/), such as low energy and feeling cold.

Book a [GP Consultation](/treatments/consultations-and-assessment/gp-consultation/) for a new, enlarging or uncomfortable multinodular goitre. Take a list of medicines and supplements, and describe any voice, swallowing or breathing change. A [Thyroid Function Test](/treatments/diagnostics-and-screening/thyroid-function-test/) can show whether the gland is producing too much or too little hormone.

The clinician will examine the neck and decide whether additional evaluation is needed. Avoid repeatedly pressing the nodules, because this can make the area sore and does not clarify the cause. Follow-up depends on the examination, symptoms and test findings.

Get urgent help for sudden or worsening difficulty breathing, inability to swallow saliva or fluids, or noisy breathing. Seek prompt review for a persistent voice change, choking while eating, or noticeable enlargement over a short period. Chest pain, fainting or severe racing of the heart needs urgent care as well.

Ask whether your thyroid is overactive, underactive or working normally; whether the nodules are causing pressure; what follow-up is needed; and which changes should lead you to seek urgent help. Ask how to report new swallowing or voice symptoms.