Identifying Melanoma

Watch for a mark that differs from your other moles, changes in size or shape, develops several shades, bleeds, crusts, itches persistently, or becomes tender. Melanoma can occur under a nail, on the palms or soles, or in areas that receive little sun. These signs do not diagnose cancer, and benign moles can change for other reasons; they do mean the lesion should be assessed rather than monitored casually.

Make a clear record of when you first noticed the lesion and photograph it beside a ruler for comparison, without delaying an appointment. Do not pick, burn, or remove it yourself. A dermatologist may use dermoscopy and recommend Surgical Excision or Skin Cancer Surgery when a biopsy or removal is appropriate. If melanoma is confirmed, staging may include Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy and treatment can vary by stage.

Arrange prompt dermatology review for a rapidly changing, bleeding, ulcerated, or newly unusual pigmented lesion. Seek urgent care for heavy bleeding that will not stop with firm pressure, or for severe symptoms such as sudden weakness, confusion, or a seizure. Confirmed melanoma requires coordinated follow-up; possible spread to distant organs is assessed by the treating team, not by judging a skin mark alone.

Ask whether the lesion needs dermoscopy or biopsy, what the pathology report means, whether further staging is needed, and how often your skin should be checked after treatment.