How is rotavirus infection treated?

Rotavirus can cause watery diarrhoea, vomiting, stomach discomfort and fever. The main concern is loss of fluid and salts, which can develop quickly in babies, young children and people who cannot drink enough. Antibiotics do not treat a viral infection.

Oral rehydration solution replaces water and salts in a measured form. It is usually offered in small, frequent sips, especially after vomiting. Breastfeeding or usual milk feeds should generally continue if tolerated; a clinician can advise on a child who is repeatedly sick.

Offer frequent small amounts of oral rehydration solution and continue age-appropriate food when the person feels able. Avoid very sugary drinks, which can worsen diarrhoea, and do not give anti-diarrhoeal medicines to a child unless a clinician advises them. Wash hands thoroughly and clean contaminated surfaces because infection spreads easily.

Watch urine output, alertness, tears, mouth moisture and ability to drink. A child who is unusually sleepy, has a dry mouth or is passing much less urine needs medical advice.

Get urgent help for severe dehydration, inability to keep fluids down, blood in the stool, green vomit, severe abdominal pain, confusion, breathing difficulty or a child who is difficult to wake. Seek advice early for infants, older adults or anyone with a condition that makes dehydration risky.

How much oral rehydration solution should I offer, and how often? Which signs mean dehydration is developing? When can normal food and drinks resume? Is vaccination advice relevant for younger children in the household?