How is painful periods treated?

Cramping is caused by chemicals that make the womb contract during menstruation. Pain that is severe, starts later in life, worsens over time or comes with heavy bleeding may need assessment for adenomyosis, endometriosis, ovarian endometrioma or uterine fibroids. A clinician may ask about bleeding, bowel or bladder symptoms, pain between periods and pregnancy plans. An examination or ultrasound may help clarify the cause.

Anti-inflammatory therapy for period pain works best when taken as directed near the start of symptoms, if it is safe for you. A combined pill or hormonal coil can reduce bleeding and cramping for some people. Heat, movement, sleep and a symptom diary may add practical support. When another condition is present, treatment is selected for that condition rather than relying on pain relief alone. Tell the clinician about stomach, kidney, bleeding or pregnancy concerns before using medicines.

Book an appointment when pain disrupts work, school, sleep or sex, does not respond to usual measures, or is accompanied by heavy or irregular bleeding. Seek urgent help for sudden severe pain, fainting, fever, possible pregnancy or bleeding that makes you weak or dizzy.

Ask whether your symptoms suggest a condition needing investigation, which anti-inflammatory medicine is safe, and whether a combined pill or hormonal coil fits your health and pregnancy plans. Ask when to return if treatment does not help.