How is heart failure treated?

Treatment helps the heart pump or fill more effectively and reduces fluid build-up. Depending on the type of heart failure, a clinician may prescribe medicines that lower pressure, remove excess fluid or protect the heart from harmful strain. Care also addresses contributors such as [Hypertension](/conditions/hypertension/), rhythm problems or valve disease. Follow-up reviews check symptoms, blood pressure, kidney function and medicine effects. An ECG may help assess the heart’s rhythm and electrical activity.

Take medicines exactly as prescribed and do not stop them suddenly. Keep a record of breathlessness, tiredness, palpitations, sleep position and ankle swelling; a new or quickly worsening pattern should be reported. Attend a [Chronic Disease Review](/treatments/consultations-and-assessment/chronic-disease-review/) so treatment can be adjusted. Ask about suitable activity, salt and fluid advice because these recommendations depend on your symptoms, kidney function and treatment plan.

Get emergency help for severe or rapidly worsening shortness of breath, chest pressure, fainting, new confusion, blue lips or an inability to speak in full sentences. Contact your care team promptly if swelling increases, your usual activity becomes much harder, or you develop a persistent cough while lying down. Do not wait for a routine review if symptoms are escalating.

Ask which type of heart failure you have, what each medicine does, and which symptoms should trigger a call. Ask whether an [Electrocardiogram](/treatments/diagnostics-and-screening/ecg/) or other assessment is needed, and how to plan activity, travel and vaccinations safely.