How effective are topical retinoids for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation?

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a darkened area left after inflammation or injury, such as acne, eczema, a rash or a cosmetic procedure. Retinoids help shed pigmented surface cells and may improve delivery of other prescribed treatments. They do not prevent a new mark if the underlying acne or irritation continues. Overuse can inflame the skin and make colour more noticeable, especially in deeper skin tones, so a slower routine is often more useful than applying extra product.

Treat the active cause first and apply the retinoid exactly as directed to clean, dry skin. Use moisturiser to reduce friction and irritation, and wear broad-spectrum sunscreen each day; hats and shade add useful protection. Do not pick spots or layer several strong exfoliants without clinical advice. Tell your clinician about sensitive skin, pregnancy, plans for pregnancy and any products that have caused a rash. A dermatologist may consider another pigment treatment if marks remain despite a steady, tolerated routine.

Book an assessment if a dark patch appears without preceding inflammation, changes quickly, bleeds, becomes painful or has an irregular border. Seek advice for spreading redness, swelling, blistering or severe irritation after treatment. Review is also sensible when pigmentation keeps returning, because ongoing acne, dermatitis or product irritation may need attention before fading can progress.

Ask what caused the mark, whether the active condition is controlled, and how often to use the retinoid. Ask which sunscreen and complementary pigment treatment fit your skin tone, and what symptoms mean you should pause treatment.