How effective is exercise therapy for tennis elbow?

Tennis elbow is pain related to the tendons on the outer side of the elbow, often aggravated by gripping, lifting or repeated wrist use. Rehabilitation may begin with gentle isometric contractions and then add slow wrist and forearm strengthening. Shoulder position, grip technique and work tasks can also affect the load reaching the elbow. The goal is to make ordinary tasks more tolerable and improve capacity over time, rather than keeping the arm completely still. Progress may be gradual, with exercise adjusted to the response.

Use the technique and resistance demonstrated by your physiotherapist, keeping the wrist and elbow controlled. Modify tools, handles or lifting habits if they trigger pain, and break up long periods of repetitive gripping. A small amount of exercise discomfort may be acceptable when it settles promptly, but pain that escalates during the session or remains worse afterward means the load needs review. Continue comfortable shoulder and hand movement unless told otherwise.

Arrange assessment if elbow pain follows a significant injury, the joint is hot or swollen, or you cannot move or use the arm normally. Seek prompt review for persistent numbness, tingling or weakness in the hand. Reconsider the diagnosis if symptoms do not improve with a consistent, tailored programme or if pain is spreading beyond the outer elbow.

Ask which tendon-loading exercises suit your current irritability, how to adapt work or sport, and when to increase resistance. You can also ask whether another elbow or neck problem could be contributing if numbness, marked weakness or unusual pain is present.