How does tranexamic acid for heavy bleeding work?

During a period, the womb lining sheds and small blood vessels open. The body forms clots to help seal those vessels, then gradually dissolves the clots as healing progresses. Tranexamic acid helps the clots remain in place for longer by reducing the action of the body's clot-breakdown process. It does not change the underlying structure of the womb or stop ovulation.

The medicine is taken during the bleeding days according to the prescribed schedule. It may be offered when heavy periods are linked with conditions such as fibroids or adenomyosis, but the cause of bleeding still needs assessment. Reducing blood loss may also help limit iron loss, although existing iron deficiency needs its own plan.

Take tranexamic acid only in the way your clinician prescribed, usually when your period starts and for the instructed part of the bleed. Tell the prescriber about previous blood clots, kidney problems, vision changes, pregnancy plans and all medicines, including hormonal contraception. Keep a record of bleeding, pain, tiredness and any missed activities so the response can be reviewed. Do not increase the dose because a period is particularly heavy.

Seek medical advice for bleeding that remains heavy, continues between periods or occurs after sex, or for symptoms of iron deficiency such as persistent tiredness or breathlessness. Get urgent help for a painful swollen leg, sudden chest pain, severe breathlessness, coughing blood or sudden visual change.

Ask what may be causing the bleeding, when to start each course, whether it is suitable with your medicines or contraception, and whether you need checks for iron deficiency.