Why anaphylaxis needs emergency treatment

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can affect breathing, blood pressure, skin and digestion. Possible features include throat or tongue swelling, wheezing, difficulty breathing, widespread hives, repeated vomiting, dizziness or collapse. Food allergy is one possible trigger, but medicines, insect stings and other exposures can also be involved.

If anaphylaxis is suspected, use the person’s prescribed adrenaline auto-injector without delay and call emergency services. Follow the device instructions, keep the person lying down unless breathing is easier sitting, and stay with them. A second prescribed dose may be needed if symptoms do not improve and help has not arrived; follow the local emergency plan.

Do not offer food or drink to someone with throat swelling or reduced alertness. Antihistamines cannot replace emergency treatment for breathing or circulation problems.

Seek emergency help for any rapid combination of swelling, breathing difficulty, wheezing, faintness, widespread rash or vomiting after a possible allergen. Even if symptoms improve after emergency medicine, the person still needs hospital assessment because symptoms can return.

How do I use my auto-injector? Should I carry more than one? Which triggers should I avoid, and do I need allergy testing or a written emergency plan for home, work or school?