Heart failure symptoms in men: what to know

Heart failure means the heart is not moving blood around the body as effectively as it should. Pressure can build up behind the heart, allowing fluid to collect in the lungs or lower legs. A person may become short of breath when walking, climbing stairs, or lying flat. A dry cough, reduced stamina, and unusual fatigue can develop gradually. Swollen ankles may be more noticeable later in the day. Palpitations can occur when the heart rhythm is abnormal or the body is trying to maintain circulation. These symptoms can have other causes, so they do not by themselves confirm heart failure.

Arrange a medical assessment if new breathlessness, ankle swelling, or reduced ability to exercise persists or is getting worse. A clinician may review your medical history, examine your heart and lungs, check blood pressure and rhythm, and arrange tests such as an electrocardiogram or heart imaging. Record when symptoms occur, whether they change with activity or position, and any recent medication changes. Do not stop prescribed heart or blood-pressure medicines without advice. Managing conditions such as Hypertension and Atrial Fibrillation can form part of the plan.

Seek emergency help for severe or rapidly worsening breathlessness, chest pressure, fainting, blue or grey lips, confusion, or coughing up pink frothy sputum. Sit upright while waiting and avoid driving yourself. If symptoms are milder but new, contact a healthcare professional promptly so the cause can be checked.

Could these symptoms relate to heart failure or a rhythm problem? Which tests will clarify the cause? Should I monitor my weight, swelling, breathing, or pulse at home? What changes should prompt a same-day call?