What should you know about ear wax blocking ear drum?

Earwax is made in the ear canal, in front of the eardrum. When it collects and becomes firm, sound may not travel normally to the eardrum, making voices seem dull or the ear feel full. A blocked ear can also be associated with an earache or ringing in the ears. These symptoms can have other causes, so an examination is useful if the blockage is uncertain or hearing does not return after wax is cleared.

Do not put cotton buds, hairpins, fingers, or other objects into the canal; they can push wax deeper and irritate the skin. Keep water out if the ear is painful or leaking. A clinician can look at the canal and eardrum, soften suitable wax, and choose a removal method such as suction or gentle irrigation when appropriate. A [Hearing Test](/treatments/diagnostics-and-screening/hearing-test/) may help if reduced hearing remains after the ear is clear. See [Ear Wax Removal](/treatments/minor-procedures/ear-wax-removal/) for what an appointment may involve.

Arrange medical advice promptly for severe or worsening pain, discharge, bleeding, fever, marked dizziness, or a sudden change in hearing. Do not try home removal if you may have a perforated eardrum, ear tubes, previous ear surgery, or an active ear infection. Persistent [Hearing Loss](/symptoms/hearing-loss/) or [Ringing in the Ears](/symptoms/ringing-in-ears/) after wax removal needs assessment.

Could the wax be touching the eardrum, and can you check the eardrum safely? Is my hearing change explained by wax, or do I need a hearing test? Which removal method suits my ear history?