What should you know about dry flaky and itchy scalp?

Dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis often cause flakes with itch, sometimes alongside greasy scale or irritation. Scalp psoriasis may produce thicker, more defined scale that extends beyond the hairline. Head lice can cause intense itching and visible nits attached to hairs, while folliculitis causes tender or itchy bumps around hair follicles.

A new shampoo, hair product, dye, or styling treatment may irritate the scalp. The pattern, onset, and presence of sores, hair loss, bumps, or spread to other areas help distinguish these possibilities.

Wash gently with lukewarm water and avoid scratching, picking, and fragranced products while the scalp settles. If flakes recur, a pharmacist or clinician can advise whether a medicated shampoo is suitable and how long it should remain on the scalp.

If you see moving insects or firmly attached nits, avoid sharing combs, brushes, hats, or bedding and seek advice about head-lice treatment. Do not apply household chemicals or essential oils to the scalp.

Book a medical review when itch or flaking continues after gentle care, keeps returning, or is accompanied by thick plaques, pus-filled bumps, broken skin, or patchy hair loss. Seek prompt care for spreading redness, marked swelling, fever, or severe pain.

Ask what the scale resembles, whether you need an examination for lice or folliculitis, which shampoo is appropriate, and how to protect irritated skin while you identify triggers.