Does pseudogout cause joint swelling?

Pseudogout is an inflammatory arthritis caused by calcium pyrophosphate crystals collecting in a joint. The immune response to these crystals can make the joint lining produce extra fluid, creating visible puffiness and a feeling of tightness. The knee is often involved, although the wrist, shoulder, ankle, or another joint can also be affected.

An episode may make the skin over the joint feel warm and make ordinary movements difficult. Similar swelling can occur with infection, gout, an injury, or another form of arthritis, so the appearance of a swollen joint does not establish pseudogout.

Arrange a clinical assessment if the swelling is new, marked, or keeps returning. A clinician may examine the joint and, when needed, test joint fluid for crystals or use imaging to look for changes associated with calcium pyrophosphate deposits. Until you are assessed, rest the joint from aggravating activity, keep it comfortably elevated, and use a wrapped cold pack for short periods if that feels helpful.

Do not start, stop, or combine anti-inflammatory medicines without checking that they are suitable for you, particularly if you have kidney disease, stomach ulcers, heart problems, take blood thinners, or are pregnant. Follow the treatment plan prescribed for your episode and return gradually to movement as pain and swelling settle.

Seek urgent medical assessment for a hot, very painful swollen joint, especially if you have a fever, chills, feel generally unwell, or the symptoms are worsening quickly. A joint infection can resemble a crystal flare and needs prompt treatment. Seek urgent help as well after a significant injury, or if you cannot put weight on the limb or move the joint.

You could ask: Could this swelling be pseudogout or another condition? Would testing joint fluid help confirm the cause? Which pain-relief options are safe with my medical history? What should I do if the swelling returns, and when can I resume my usual activities?