What does a DEXA scan show?

The scanner commonly measures the hip and lower spine, although the chosen sites depend on your age, history, and the reason for referral. The report compares your measured density with reference values and may classify bone density as expected, lower than expected, or within a range associated with osteoporosis. Your clinician interprets those terms alongside fractures, medicines, age, family history, and other health factors.

The scan does not show every feature of a bone or diagnose every cause of pain. It is not the same as a standard X-ray: an X-ray is mainly used to examine structure and injuries, while DEXA is designed to quantify bone mineral density.

Keep the report and ask which sites were measured, whether the result can be compared with an earlier scan, and what interval is appropriate for reassessment. Do not change prescribed medicines based on the report alone. Mention previous fractures, long-term steroid treatment, thyroid or kidney conditions, smoking, low body weight, and hormonal changes because they can influence the overall assessment.

Premature ovarian insufficiency may be relevant when a clinician reviews bone health. A DEXA result is one part of a plan that may also include strength and balance activity, adequate nutrition, fall prevention, and treatment when indicated.

Arrange medical review for a new fracture, persistent back pain after a minor injury, noticeable height loss, or difficulty walking. Seek urgent care for severe pain after a fall, an obvious deformity, new limb weakness or numbness, or new bladder or bowel control problems. A DEXA result cannot replace an assessment of an acute injury.

Ask what your measured density means for you, whether the hip and spine results differ, and whether another condition or medicine may be affecting bone. Ask which practical steps reduce fall risk and when you should discuss the scan again.