What should you know about loss of smell with COVID-19?

Some people lose smell completely, while others notice reduced or distorted smells. COVID-19 may cause this symptom with or without a blocked nose. A change in smell alone cannot confirm the infection, because colds, sinus problems, allergies, medicines, and other conditions can also affect smell. Persistent changes may be part of Long COVID, so record when the symptom began and whether taste, breathing, or daily function has changed.

If infection is possible, follow current local advice about testing and limiting contact with others. Check food carefully because smell helps detect spoilage, and make sure smoke or gas alarms work. Saline nasal care may help if congestion is present, provided it is suitable for you. Avoid inserting objects or unapproved products into the nose. Arrange a medical review if smell does not return, becomes distorted, or affects eating and wellbeing.

Seek urgent care for difficulty breathing, persistent chest pain, new confusion, inability to stay awake, or blue or grey lips. Contact a clinician promptly if fever or cough is worsening, you feel generally unwell, or you develop severe headache, marked fatigue, or symptoms suggesting pneumonia.

Ask whether you need a COVID-19 test, what may be causing the smell change, whether smell training is appropriate, and when persistent symptoms should be assessed for Long COVID.