What should you know about copper coil winding?

A copper coil, also called a copper IUD, is a small device placed in the uterus by a trained healthcare professional. The copper surface changes the local environment so sperm movement and fertilisation are hindered. It does not contain hormones. Two fine threads extend through the cervix into the vagina; they help a clinician check that the device remains in place and allow removal when needed.

The copper itself is not a coil that travels around the body. The winding is part of the device, and its shape and placement are checked during fitting. Copper coils can also be used as emergency contraception when inserted within the appropriate clinical window after unprotected sex; a clinician can explain whether this option applies to you.

Before fitting, tell the clinician about your periods, pelvic symptoms, allergies, medicines, pregnancy possibility, and any history of sexually transmitted infections. The fitting may cause cramping or brief discomfort. Periods can become heavier, longer, or more painful, particularly in the early months, although experiences vary. Simple pain relief may be suitable for some people, but check with a pharmacist or clinician before taking it.

Use the follow-up advice you receive, and check only as instructed for the threads rather than pulling them. A copper coil does not protect against sexually transmitted infections, so condoms may still be needed. If you want pregnancy later, removal is arranged with a clinician; fertility can return after removal.

Contact a healthcare professional promptly if you have severe or worsening lower-abdominal pain, fever, unusual or bad-smelling discharge, very heavy bleeding, pain during sex, or think you may be pregnant. Seek urgent care for sudden severe pain, fainting, or heavy bleeding with weakness. If the threads feel different, you cannot feel them when you previously could, or you feel hard plastic at the cervix or in the vagina, use backup contraception and arrange a check.

Ask whether a copper coil suits your medical history, what cramping and bleeding changes to expect, how to check the threads, which symptoms need same-day help, and what contraception to use if the device moves or is removed.