What should you know about complete heart failure?

Heart failure can affect the left side, right side, or both sides of the heart. Fluid may collect in the lungs or tissues, causing breathlessness, a cough, swollen ankles, tiredness, or a racing or irregular heartbeat. These symptoms can develop gradually or worsen suddenly. High blood pressure and atrial fibrillation are among the conditions that can strain the heart, but an assessment is needed to identify the cause and severity.

Arrange a prompt review with a doctor or a chronic disease service. Bring a list of medicines, describe changes in breathing or swelling, and mention whether symptoms affect sleep, walking, or lying flat. Do not stop prescribed heart medicines without medical advice. Your clinician may check your blood pressure, pulse, oxygen level, heart and lungs, and arrange blood tests or scans. Reduce exertion while symptoms are active and follow the fluid, salt, and activity advice given for your condition.

Call emergency services for severe or rapidly worsening breathlessness, chest pressure, fainting, blue or grey lips, confusion, or coughing up pink frothy fluid. Seek same-day advice if ankle swelling increases quickly, you gain weight over a short period, or you cannot lie flat because breathing becomes difficult. These warning signs need assessment regardless of whether heart failure has already been diagnosed.

Ask what type of heart failure is suspected, which symptoms should trigger urgent help, how to monitor swelling and breathing at home, and whether your medicines need adjustment. Ask whether atrial fibrillation or high blood pressure may be contributing and when your next review should take place.