What should you know about chest congestion and cough?

Congestion may feel like heaviness, rattling or mucus that is difficult to clear. A cough can be dry or bring up phlegm. A common cold and acute bronchitis can inflame the breathing tubes; allergic rhinitis can add drainage from the nose. Asthma may cause cough with a tight or noisy chest. Acid reflux can irritate the throat and trigger coughing, especially after meals or when lying down. Persistent or repeated symptoms may need assessment for chronic cough or bronchiectasis.

Rest, drink fluids if you normally can, and avoid tobacco smoke, strong scents and dusty air. Warm drinks may soothe an irritated throat. Sleep with your head slightly raised if drainage or reflux worsens the cough. Do not start antibiotics or use someone else’s inhaler without medical advice. A clinician can listen to your chest and decide whether testing or targeted treatment is appropriate.

Seek urgent help for severe breathlessness, blue or grey lips, confusion, fainting, sudden chest pain, or coughing blood. Arrange prompt medical advice if fever persists, symptoms are getting worse, you cannot keep fluids down, or the cough continues beyond the expected illness. People with asthma, lung disease, immune problems or significant heart disease should seek advice earlier when a chest illness changes their breathing.

Ask what may be causing the congestion, whether your breathing needs checking, which medicines are suitable with your other conditions, and what change should prompt review. Mention when symptoms began, whether phlegm is present, any fever or wheeze, and your exposure to smoke or illness.