Causes of itchy scalp and hair loss

Flaking and greasy scale can occur with dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis. Thick, sharply defined scale may fit scalp psoriasis. Tender spots, pustules, or crusting can point toward folliculitis. Intense itch with visible nits or household exposure raises the possibility of head lice. Scratching can break hairs and inflame follicles, so hair loss may be from rubbing rather than a primary hair disorder. New hair products, dyes, or tight hairstyles can also irritate the scalp or cause breakage.

The pattern matters: diffuse shedding differs from smooth patches, broken hairs, or areas with redness and scarring. A clinician may inspect the scalp, examine hair shafts, and ask about timing, products, illnesses, and medicines.

Use a gentle cleanser, rinse thoroughly, and pause newly introduced dyes, oils, or fragranced products. Keep nails short and avoid picking scale. Do not share combs, hats, or bedding if lice are possible. Treatment depends on the finding; options may include a medicated shampoo or specific head-lice treatment rather than repeated scratching or random products.

Arrange a dermatology assessment for persistent itch, increasing shedding, patchy loss, scalp pain, pus, bleeding, thick scale, or any smooth area that is enlarging. Seek prompt care when swelling, warmth, fever, or rapidly worsening tenderness accompanies the scalp changes, because infection may need treatment.

Ask which pattern of hair loss is present, whether the scalp shows inflammation or infection, and whether a product or medicine could be contributing. Ask how long to use a recommended shampoo, how to prevent spread if lice are found, and which changes should trigger earlier review.