How to care for influenza A

Influenza A is a respiratory viral infection that can cause fever, chills, cough, headache, tiredness, and a generally unwell feeling. Symptoms can be mild or severe, and people with long-term conditions, pregnancy, older age, or weakened immunity may need earlier advice. Antibiotics do not treat viruses. A clinician may consider an antiviral medicine for some people, particularly when treatment starts early or the risk of complications is higher.

Rest and drink regularly, choosing water, soup, or an oral rehydration drink if eating is difficult. Follow the label for suitable fever or pain medicine, and check with a pharmacist before combining products because several cold remedies may contain the same ingredient. Stay home while you feel unwell, improve ventilation, wash your hands, and cover coughs. Avoid close contact with people who may become seriously ill. Do not share cups, towels, or utensils. If you have a chronic condition, ask your clinician how influenza may affect your usual medicines.

Seek urgent help for difficulty breathing, chest pain, bluish lips, new confusion, fainting, inability to keep fluids down, or signs of severe dehydration such as very little urine. Contact a clinician promptly if fever is worsening, symptoms improve then return strongly, or you are pregnant or have a condition affecting the heart, lungs, kidneys, or immune system. Influenza can sometimes lead to pneumonia, so a worsening cough with breathlessness or chest discomfort deserves assessment.

Ask whether testing is useful, whether an antiviral is appropriate for your situation, which symptom medicines are safe with your regular treatment, and how long to stay away from work or school. You can also ask how to protect household members and which changes should prompt a same-day review.